Exam vocabulary goal

PTE vocabulary

Learn the language that supports Fill in the Blanks, Summarize Written Text, Essay and speaking tasks in practical context.

What you'll find

263 connected words

Explore meanings and examples, hear words in the study packs, and practise spelling. Each word has one home in the shared curriculum.

Skills and tasks in this collection

Part 1 — Read AloudPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 1 — Read AloudPart 3 — Write From DictationPart 1 — Write EssayPart 1 — Write Essay | Part 2 — Fill in the BlanksPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 2 — Fill in the BlanksPart 2 — Fill in the BlanksPart 1 — Writing tasksPart 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextPart 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 2 — Reorder Paragraph | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextParts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextPart 2 — Reorder ParagraphPart 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 2 — Reorder Paragraph | Part 1 — Read Aloud | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 1 — Read Aloud | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 2 — Reorder Paragraph | Part 1 — Read AloudPart 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 2 — Reorder ParagraphPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 1 — Read Aloud | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 2 — Reorder ParagraphPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 1 — Read AloudPart 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 1 — Read Aloud | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 2 — Reorder Paragraph | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken TextPart 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 1 — Read AloudPart 3 — Write From Dictation | Part 2 — Fill in the Blanks | Part 2 — Reorder ParagraphPart 2 — Reorder Paragraph | Parts 1 & 3 — Summarize Written Text / Summarize Spoken Text
Start learning

Featured PTE words

accumulationC1/ɐkjˌuːmjʊlˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA gradual increase as more things collect over time.Academic pronunciation
acknowledgedC1/ɐknˈɒlɪd‍ʒd/ · verbSimple meaningAccepted that something was true, or showed that someone was noticed.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation
acquisitionC1/ɐkwɪsˈɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe act of getting or buying something, or learning a new skill.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation
administrationC1/ɐdmˌɪnɪstɹˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe work of organising and running a business, school or other organisation.Academic / WFD spelling
advantageSimple meaningSomething that makes a situation better or more useful.Paraphrasing
advertisingSimple meaningThe activity of telling people about products or services to encourage sales.Paraphrasing
affectB1/ɐfˈɛkt/ · verbSimple meaningTo cause a change in someone or something.Academic reading | Paraphrasing
aggregateB2/ˈaɡɹɪɡˌe‍ɪt/ · noun;verb;adjectiveSimple meaningA total made by combining smaller amounts; to combine them into a total.Academic pronunciation
agreeSimple meaningTo have the same opinion as someone.Paraphrasing
allocationB2/ˌaləkˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe act of giving a share of money, time or resources for a purpose.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
allowSimple meaningTo let someone do something or make something possible.Paraphrasing
alterB1/ˈɒltə/ · verbSimple meaningTo change something or make it different.Academic reading
AlthoughSimple meaningUsed to introduce a fact that contrasts with another fact.Cohesive Devices
ambiguousB2/ambˈɪɡjuːəs/ · adjectiveSimple meaningHaving more than one possible meaning and therefore not clear.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation
apparentB2/ɐpˈaɹənt/ · adjectiveSimple meaningEasy to see or understand; sometimes, seeming true but not certain.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
appreciationC1/ɐpɹˌiːʃɪˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA feeling of thanks, or an understanding of the value of something.Academic / WFD spelling
approximatedC1/ɐpɹˈɒksɪmˌe‍ɪtɪd/ · verbSimple meaningEstimated an amount, or came close to a value or result.Academic / WFD spelling
As a resultSimple meaningUsed to introduce the consequence of something.Cohesive Devices
aspectsB2/ˈaspɛkts/ · plural nounSimple meaningDifferent parts or features of a subject or situation.Academic reading | Academic synthesis | Cohesion & sequence
assessmentB2/ɐsˈɛsmənt/ · nounSimple meaningA check of someone's ability or of the quality or condition of something.Academic / WFD spelling | Commonly Misspelled Words | Procedures & Training
assignmentB1TBC · nounSimple meaningWork a teacher asks a student to complete.Academic / WFD spelling | Assignments, Assessment & Results
assistanceB2/ɐsˈɪstəns/ · nounSimple meaningHelp or support.Academic / WFD spelling
assumeB1/ɐsˈuːm/ · verbSimple meaningTo believe something is true without being certain.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
assuranceB2/əʃjˈʊ‍əɹəns/ · nounSimple meaningA promise intended to make someone feel certain or less worried.Academic / WFD spelling
attributedB2/ɐtɹˈɪbjuːtɪd/ · verbSimple meaningSaid that something was caused by, created by or belonged to someone or something.Academic synthesis
automaticallyC1/ˌɔːtəmˈatɪkli/ · adverbSimple meaningWithout a person needing to control it, or without conscious thought.Academic / WFD spelling
banSimple meaningTo officially forbid something.Paraphrasing
beneficialSimple meaningHaving a helpful or positive effect.Paraphrasing
biasB1/bˈa‍ɪ‍əs/ · nounSimple meaningAn unfair preference for or against a person, group or idea.Academic reading
bibliographyC1TBC · nounSimple meaningA list of sources.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic Reading, Writing & Communication
businessSimple meaningAn organisation that sells goods or services, or this activity.Commonly Misspelled Words | Paraphrasing
campusB1TBC · nounSimple meaningThe place where a university is located.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
capableB2/kˈe‍ɪpəbə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningHaving the ability to do something.Academic reading
causeSimple meaningTo make something happen.Paraphrasing
changeSimple meaningTo become different or make something different.Paraphrasing
chapterB2/t‍ʃˈaptə/ · nounSimple meaningOne of the main sections of a book.Cohesion & sequence
cheapSimple meaningCosting little money.Paraphrasing
childrenSimple meaningPeople who are not yet adults.Paraphrasing
circumstancesC1/sˈɜːkəmstˌansɪz/ · plural nounSimple meaningThe facts or conditions that affect a situation.Academic / WFD spelling
citedB1/sˈa‍ɪtɪd/ · verbSimple meaningMentioned a source, fact or example to support a statement.Academic synthesis
clarityB2/klˈaɹɪti/ · nounSimple meaningThe quality of being clear and easy to understand.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
coherenceB2/kə‍ʊhˈi‍əɹəns/ · nounSimple meaningThe quality of having ideas that connect clearly and logically.Academic pronunciation | Academic reading | Academic synthesis | Cohesion & sequence
colleaguesB2/kˈɒliːɡz/ · plural nounSimple meaningPeople you work with.Academic / WFD spelling
commissionB2/kəmˈɪʃən/ · noun;verbSimple meaningA payment for arranging a sale, an official group, or an order for work; to order work.Academic / WFD spelling
commitmentB2/kəmˈɪtmənt/ · nounSimple meaningA promise or responsibility, or a willingness to keep working towards something.Academic / WFD spelling
commonSimple meaningFound or happening often.Paraphrasing
compensationC1/kˌɒmpənsˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningMoney or something else given to make up for loss, harm or work.Academic / WFD spelling
complianceC1TBC · nounSimple meaningFollowing official rules.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading | Procedures & Training
componentsB2/kəmpˈə‍ʊnənts/ · plural nounSimple meaningThe separate parts that make up something.Academic reading
comprehensiveC1/kˌɒmpɹɪhˈɛnsɪv/ · adjectiveSimple meaningIncluding all or nearly all important details.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation | Academic synthesis
concentrationC1/kˌɒnsəntɹˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningGiving careful attention to something, or the amount of a substance in a mixture.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
conductB2/kˈɒndʌkt/ · verb;nounSimple meaningTo carry out an activity; as a noun, the way someone behaves.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
ConsequentlySimple meaningAs a result of something already mentioned.Cohesive Devices
constraintsC1/kənstɹˈe‍ɪnts/ · plural nounSimple meaningThings that limit what you can do.Academic reading
contemporaryC1/kəntˈɛmpəɹəɹi/ · adjectiveSimple meaningExisting now, or at the same time as something else.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation | Academic reading | Cohesion & sequence
contractualC1TBC · adjectiveSimple meaningConnected to a contract.Academic / WFD spelling
contradictionC1/kˌɒntɹədˈɪkʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA situation where two statements or ideas cannot both be true.Cohesion & sequence
contraryB2/kˈɒntɹəɹi/ · adjectiveSimple meaningOpposite to what was said, expected or believed.Academic reading | Cohesion & sequence
contributionC1/kˌɒntɹɪbjˈuːʃən/ · nounSimple meaningSomething you give or do to help achieve a shared result.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
controversyC1/kˈɒntɹəvˌɜːsi/ · nounSimple meaningPublic disagreement about a subject that people feel strongly about.Academic pronunciation
coordinationC1/kə‍ʊˈɔːdɪnˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningOrganising people or actions so they work well together.Academic / WFD spelling
correspondingC1/kˌɒɹɪspˈɒndɪŋ/ · adjectiveSimple meaningMatching or directly related to something else.Cohesion & sequence
costSimple meaningThe amount of money needed to buy or do something.Paraphrasing
countrySimple meaningA nation with its own government and territory.Paraphrasing
crimeSimple meaningAn act that breaks the law.Paraphrasing
criteriaB2/kɹa‍ɪtˈi‍əɹɪə/ · plural nounSimple meaningStandards used to judge or choose something.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation | Academic reading | Academic synthesis
curriculumC1TBC · nounSimple meaningWhat a school or course teaches.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
deadlineB1TBC · nounSimple meaningThe final time for submitting work.Academic / WFD spelling | Assignments, Assessment & Results
decadesB2/dˈɛke‍ɪdz/ · plural nounSimple meaningPeriods of ten years.Cohesion & sequence
decreaseSimple meaningTo become smaller in amount or number.Charts & Graphs | Paraphrasing
definitionB2/dˌɛfɪnˈɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningAn explanation of what a word or idea means.Academic / WFD spelling | Cohesion & sequence
derivedB2/dɪɹˈa‍ɪvd/ · verbSimple meaningCame from a particular source, or obtained something from it.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
difficultSimple meaningNot easy to do or understand.Paraphrasing
dimensionsB2/da‍ɪmˈɛnʃənz/ · plural nounSimple meaningMeasurements such as length, width and height; also, different aspects of something.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation | Academic reading
disadvantageSimple meaningSomething that makes a situation less favourable.Paraphrasing
disagreeSimple meaningTo have a different opinion.Paraphrasing
discriminationC1/dɪskɹˌɪmɪnˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningUnfair treatment based on a person's group or characteristics; also, recognising differences.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation
dissertationC1TBC · nounSimple meaningA major university research paper.Academic / WFD spelling | Assignments, Assessment & Results
distinctionC1/dɪstˈɪŋkʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA clear difference between two things; also, a high level of achievement.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
distributionC1/dˌɪstɹɪbjˈuːʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe act of spreading or delivering things, or the way they are spread.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
diversityB2/da‍ɪvˈɜːsɪti/ · nounSimple meaningThe presence of many different types of people or things.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
dominantB2/dˈɒmɪnənt/ · adjectiveSimple meaningMore powerful, important or noticeable than other things.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
educationA2TBC · nounSimple meaningLearning through teaching and study.Commonly Misspelled Words | Paraphrasing
effectSimple meaningA change produced by a cause.Paraphrasing
elderly peopleSimple meaningPeople who are in the later stages of life.Paraphrasing
elementsB2/ˈɛlɪmənts/ · plural nounSimple meaningThe basic parts of something; in chemistry, substances made of one type of atom.Academic reading | Cohesion & sequence
eligibilityC1TBC · nounSimple meaningBeing allowed to apply or qualify.Academic / WFD spelling | Jobs & Recruitment
empiricalB2/ɛmpˈɪɹɪkə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningBased on observation or testing rather than ideas alone.Academic pronunciation | Academic reading | Academic synthesis
employerB1TBC · nounSimple meaningA person or company that gives people jobs.Jobs & Recruitment | Paraphrasing
enableB1/ɛnˈe‍ɪbə‍l/ · verbSimple meaningTo make it possible for someone to do something.Academic reading
encourageSimple meaningTo give someone support or a reason to do something.Paraphrasing
enrolmentB2TBC · nounSimple meaningJoining a course, or the number who join.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
environmentB2TBC · nounSimple meaningThe surroundings and conditions in which people, animals or plants live.Commonly Misspelled Words | Paraphrasing
equationB2/ɪkwˈe‍ɪʒən/ · nounSimple meaningA mathematical statement showing that two amounts or expressions are equal.Academic pronunciation
equipmentB2/ɪkwˈɪpmənt/ · nounSimple meaningThe tools and other items needed for an activity.Academic / WFD spelling | Commonly Misspelled Words | WHS & Safety
equivalentB2/ɪkwˈɪvələnt/ · adjective;nounSimple meaningEqual in value, amount, meaning or purpose.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
establishedC1/ɪstˈablɪʃt/ · verb;adjectiveSimple meaningStarted or created something; also, accepted or existing for a long time.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading | Academic synthesis
ethicalB2/ˈɛθɪkə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningRelated to what is right and wrong; following accepted moral principles.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation
evolutionB2/ɪvəlˈuːʃən/ · nounSimple meaningGradual change over time; in biology, changes in living populations across generations.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation
expensiveSimple meaningCosting a lot of money.Paraphrasing
explicitB2/ɛksplˈɪsɪt/ · adjectiveSimple meaningStated clearly and directly, with nothing important left unclear.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading | Academic synthesis
exposureB2/ɛkspˈə‍ʊʒə/ · nounSimple meaningContact with something or the experience of being affected by it.Academic / WFD spelling
externalB2/ɛkstˈɜːnə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningOn the outside, or coming from outside a group or system.Academic reading
featuresB2/fˈiːt‍ʃəz/ · plural noun;verbSimple meaningImportant or noticeable parts of something; also, includes or presents something.Academic reading
financialB2/fa‍ɪnˈanʃə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningRelated to money or how it is managed.Academic / WFD spelling
flexibilityC1/flˌɛksəbˈɪlɪti/ · nounSimple meaningThe ability to bend or change easily when needed.Academic / WFD spelling
focusB1/fˈə‍ʊkəs/ · noun;verbSimple meaningThe main point of attention; to give attention to something.Academic synthesis
For exampleSimple meaningUsed to introduce a specific illustration of a point.Cohesive Devices
For instanceSimple meaningUsed to introduce a particular example.Cohesive Devices
frameworkB2/fɹˈe‍ɪmwɜːk/ · nounSimple meaningA basic structure that supports or organises something.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading | Academic synthesis | Cohesion & sequence
fundamentalC1/fˌʌndəmˈɛntə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningBasic and very important.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
FurthermoreC1/fˌɜːðəmˈɔː/ · adverbSimple meaningUsed to add another point that supports what you have said.Cohesive Devices
generatedB2/d‍ʒˈɛnəɹˌe‍ɪtɪd/ · verbSimple meaningProduced or created something.Academic reading
governmentSimple meaningThe group of people responsible for governing a country or region.Commonly Misspelled Words | Paraphrasing
guaranteeB2/ɡˌaɹəntˈiː/ · noun;verbSimple meaningA firm promise that something will happen or work; to make that promise.Academic / WFD spelling | Commonly Misspelled Words
guidelinesB2/ɡˈa‍ɪdla‍ɪnz/ · plural nounSimple meaningAdvice or rules that explain how to do something.Academic / WFD spelling
harmfulSimple meaningCausing damage or injury.Paraphrasing
healthSimple meaningThe physical and mental condition of a person.Paraphrasing
healthcareSimple meaningServices that maintain or improve people's health.Paraphrasing
highlightedC1/hˈa‍ɪla‍ɪtɪd/ · verbSimple meaningMade something stand out or drew attention to it.Academic synthesis
HoweverSimple meaningUsed to introduce a contrast or qualification.Cohesive Devices
identifiedB2/a‍ɪdˈɛntɪfˌa‍ɪd/ · verbSimple meaningRecognised or named someone or something.Academic reading | Academic synthesis | Cohesion & sequence
implementationC1TBC · nounSimple meaningPutting a plan into action.Academic / WFD spelling
implicationsC1/ˌɪmplɪkˈe‍ɪʃənz/ · plural nounSimple meaningPossible effects or results, or meanings that are suggested indirectly.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading | Academic synthesis | Cohesion & sequence
implyB1/ɪmplˈa‍ɪ/ · verbSimple meaningTo suggest something without saying it directly.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
importantSimple meaningHaving great value or significance.Paraphrasing
improveSimple meaningTo become better or make something better.Paraphrasing
In additionSimple meaningUsed to introduce another point.Cohesive Devices
In conclusionSimple meaningUsed to introduce the final judgement or summary.Cohesive Devices
In contrastSimple meaningUsed to show a clear difference.Cohesive Devices
in the futureSimple meaningAt a time after the present.Paraphrasing
incentiveB2/ɪnsˈɛntɪv/ · nounSimple meaningSomething that encourages someone to act.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
increaseSimple meaningTo become larger in amount or number.Charts & Graphs | Paraphrasing
inevitablyB2/ɪnˈɛvɪtəbli/ · adverbSimple meaningIn a way that cannot be avoided.Academic / WFD spelling
inferredB2/ɪnfˈɜːd/ · verbSimple meaningReached a conclusion using clues rather than a direct statement.Academic synthesis
inherentB2/ɪnhˈi‍əɹənt/ · adjectiveSimple meaningExisting as a natural or basic part of something.Academic pronunciation | Academic reading
initialB2/ɪnˈɪʃə‍l/ · adjective;nounSimple meaningHappening at the beginning; as a noun, the first letter of a name.Academic reading | Cohesion & sequence
inputB1/ˈɪnpʊt/ · noun;verbSimple meaningInformation, effort or resources put into something; to enter information.Academic reading
insightsB2/ˈɪnsa‍ɪts/ · plural nounSimple meaningClear or useful new understandings of something.Academic synthesis
integralB2/ˈɪntɪɡɹə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningEssential to something being complete or working properly.Academic pronunciation | Academic reading
integrationC1/ˌɪntɪɡɹˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe process of combining parts or people into a whole.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
integrityB2/ɪntˈɛɡɹɪti/ · nounSimple meaningBeing honest and following strong principles; also, being whole and undamaged.Academic / WFD spelling
interactionC1/ˌɪntəɹˈakʃən/ · nounSimple meaningCommunication or action between people or things that affects them.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
internalB2/ɪntˈɜːnə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningInside something, or within an organisation.Academic reading
internationalSimple meaningInvolving more than one country.Paraphrasing
internetSimple meaningThe worldwide system of connected computer networks.Paraphrasing
interpretationC1/ɪntˌɜːpɹɪtˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningAn explanation of what something means.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading | Academic synthesis | Cohesion & sequence
intrinsicB2/ɪntɹˈɪnsɪk/ · adjectiveSimple meaningBelonging naturally to something as an essential part of it.Academic pronunciation
investigationC1/ɪnvˌɛstɪɡˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA careful search for facts to find out what happened or why.Academic / WFD spelling
lawSimple meaningA rule made and enforced by a government.Paraphrasing
lectureB1TBC · noun;verbSimple meaningA university teaching talk.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
lecturerB1TBC · nounSimple meaningA university teacher.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
legislationC1/lˌɛd‍ʒɪslˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningLaws made by a government, or the process of making them.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation
lessSimple meaningA smaller amount of something.Paraphrasing
licenceB2/lˈa‍ɪsəns/ · nounSimple meaningAn official document giving permission to do or use something.Academic / WFD spelling
localSimple meaningRelating to a nearby area or community.Paraphrasing
maintenanceC1/mˈe‍ɪntənəns/ · nounSimple meaningWork done to keep something in good condition.Academic / WFD spelling | Commonly Misspelled Words
mandatoryC1TBC · adjectiveSimple meaningCompulsory.Academic / WFD spelling | Procedures & Training
manySimple meaningA large number of countable things.Paraphrasing
mechanismB2/mˈɛkənˌɪzəm/ · nounSimple meaningA system of parts or a process that makes something happen.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
mediaB1/mˈiːdiːə/ · plural nounSimple meaningWays of sharing information widely, such as newspapers, television and websites.Paraphrasing
methodologyC1TBC · nounSimple meaningThe organised methods used in research.Academic / WFD spelling | Research & Academic Investigation
minimalB2/mˈɪnɪmə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningVery small in amount or degree.Academic reading
minimumB2/mˈɪnɪməm/ · noun;adjectiveSimple meaningThe lowest amount, number or level allowed or needed.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
modernSimple meaningRelating to the present time or recent methods.Paraphrasing
modifiedB2/mˈɒdɪfˌa‍ɪd/ · verb;adjectiveSimple meaningChanged something slightly to improve it or suit a purpose.Academic reading
moneySimple meaningCoins, notes or funds used to pay for things.Paraphrasing
monitoringB2/mˈɒnɪtəɹɪŋ/ · noun;verbSimple meaningRegularly checking something to see how it changes or progresses.Academic / WFD spelling
moreSimple meaningA greater amount or number.Paraphrasing
motivationB2/mˌə‍ʊtɪvˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe reason or desire that makes someone want to do something.Academic / WFD spelling
necessarySimple meaningNeeded for a particular purpose.Commonly Misspelled Words | Paraphrasing
negativeB2/nˈɛɡətˌɪv/ · adjective;nounSimple meaningExpressing 'no', showing absence, or having an unwanted effect; also, a value below zero.Paraphrasing
normsB1/nˈɔːmz/ · plural nounSimple meaningAccepted standards or usual ways of behaving in a group.Academic reading
nowadaysSimple meaningAt the present time, especially compared with the past.Paraphrasing
occupationalC1/ˌɒkjʊpˈe‍ɪʃənə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningRelated to a person's job or work.Academic pronunciation
On the one handSimple meaningUsed to introduce one side of an argument.Cohesive Devices
On the other handSimple meaningUsed to introduce an opposing point.Cohesive Devices
ongoingB2/ˈɒŋɡə‍ʊɪŋ/ · adjectiveSimple meaningContinuing to happen or develop.Academic reading
opinionSimple meaningA personal view or judgement.Commonly Misspelled Words | Paraphrasing
outputB1/ˈa‍ʊtpʊt/ · nounSimple meaningThe amount or result produced by a person, machine or process.Academic reading
OverallB2/ˌə‍ʊvəɹˈɔːl/ · adjective;adverbSimple meaningConsidering everything together.Cohesive Devices
parallelB2/pˈaɹəlˌɛl/ · adjective;noun;verbSimple meaningSide by side without meeting, or similar; a similarity; to follow a similar course.Cohesion & sequence | Commonly Misspelled Words
parametersB2/pəɹˈamɪtəz/ · plural nounSimple meaningLimits, rules or values that define how something works.Academic pronunciation
parentsSimple meaningA person's mother and father, or people acting in those roles.Paraphrasing
participationC1/pɑːtˈɪsɪpˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe act of taking part in something.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
partnershipC1/pˈɑːtnəʃˌɪp/ · nounSimple meaningA relationship in which people or organisations work together.Academic / WFD spelling
peopleSimple meaningHuman beings considered together.Paraphrasing
phenomenonB2/fɪnˈɒmɪnən/ · nounSimple meaningSomething that happens or exists and can be observed, especially something unusual.Academic pronunciation
pollutionSimple meaningHarmful substances or effects introduced into the environment.Paraphrasing
positiveB2/pˈɒzɪtˌɪv/ · adjective;nounSimple meaningHopeful or helpful, expressing 'yes', or showing presence; also, a value above zero.Paraphrasing
precedingB2/pɹɪsˈiːdɪŋ/ · adjective;verbSimple meaningComing or happening before something else.Academic reading | Cohesion & sequence
preciseB2/pɹɪsˈa‍ɪs/ · adjectiveSimple meaningExact, accurate and clearly stated.Academic reading
predictedB2/pɹɪdˈɪktɪd/ · verbSimple meaningSaid what was expected to happen in the future.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
preliminaryC1/pɹɪlˈɪmɪnəɹi/ · adjectiveSimple meaningComing before the main activity or final result.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
prerequisiteC1TBC · nounSimple meaningSomething required first.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
preventSimple meaningTo stop something from happening.Paraphrasing
priorB1/pɹˈa‍ɪə/ · adjectiveSimple meaningHappening or existing before something else.Academic reading | Cohesion & sequence
problemSimple meaningA difficulty that needs attention or a solution.Paraphrasing
procedureB2TBC · nounSimple meaningA set of steps.Academic / WFD spelling | Procedures & Training
provideSimple meaningTo give or make something available.Paraphrasing
public transportSimple meaningShared passenger services such as buses and trains.Paraphrasing
publicationC1/pˌʌblɪkˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA book, report or other text made available to readers; the act of making it available.Academic / WFD spelling
punishmentSimple meaningA penalty given for breaking a rule or law.Paraphrasing
qualitativeC1/kwˈɒlɪtˌe‍ɪtɪv/ · adjectiveSimple meaningDescribing qualities or experiences rather than measuring amounts.Academic reading
questionnaireB2TBC · nounSimple meaningA form containing questions for research.Academic / WFD spelling | Commonly Misspelled Words | Research & Academic Investigation
reduceSimple meaningTo make something smaller in amount or degree.Paraphrasing
refineB1/ɹɪfˈa‍ɪn/ · verbSimple meaningTo improve something through small changes, or remove unwanted material.Academic reading
relianceB2/ɹɪlˈa‍ɪəns/ · nounSimple meaningThe need to depend on someone or something.Academic reading
requireB2TBC · verbSimple meaningTo need something or officially say it must be done.Paraphrasing
resolutionB2/ɹˌɛzəlˈuːʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA solution to a problem, a firm decision, or the level of detail in an image.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
restrictedB2/ɹɪstɹˈɪktɪd/ · adjective;verbSimple meaningLimited or controlled; also, limited what someone could do.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
resultSimple meaningSomething that happens because of an action or event.Paraphrasing
revealedB2/ɹɪvˈiːld/ · verbSimple meaningMade something known or visible that had been hidden.Academic reading | Academic synthesis
revenueB2/ɹˈɛvənjˌuː/ · nounSimple meaningMoney received by a business or government before costs are taken away.Academic / WFD spelling
roleB1/ɹˈə‍ʊl/ · nounSimple meaningThe part or responsibility someone or something has.Academic reading | Jobs & Recruitment
scholarshipB2TBC · nounSimple meaningFinancial support for study.Academic / WFD spelling | University Administration, People & Student Life
schoolSimple meaningAn institution where students receive education.Paraphrasing
scopeB1/skˈə‍ʊp/ · nounSimple meaningThe range covered by something, or the opportunity to do something.Academic reading
sectionB2/sˈɛkʃən/ · nounSimple meaningOne part of something larger.Cohesion & sequence
semesterB1TBC · nounSimple meaningHalf of an academic year in many systems.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
societySimple meaningPeople living together in an organised community.Paraphrasing
solutionSimple meaningA way to solve a problem.Paraphrasing
someSimple meaningAn unspecified amount or number.Paraphrasing
specifiedB2/spˈɛsɪfˌa‍ɪd/ · verbSimple meaningStated something clearly and exactly.Academic reading
statusB1/stˈe‍ɪtəs/ · nounSimple meaningA person's position or rank, or the current condition of something.Academic reading
strategiesB2/stɹˈatəd‍ʒiz/ · plural nounSimple meaningPlans or methods for achieving a goal.Academic / WFD spelling
studentsSimple meaningPeople who are studying.Paraphrasing
submissionB2TBC · nounSimple meaningHanding in work.Academic / WFD spelling | Assignments, Assessment & Results
subsequentB2/sˈʌbsɪkwənt/ · adjectiveSimple meaningHappening after something else.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading | Cohesion & sequence
successiveB2/səksˈɛsɪv/ · adjectiveSimple meaningFollowing one after another without a break.Cohesion & sequence
summaryB2/sˈʌməɹi/ · noun;adjectiveSimple meaningA short account of the main points; as an adjective, brief and without full details.Academic synthesis | Cohesion & sequence
sustainableC1/səstˈe‍ɪnəbə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningAble to continue over time without using up resources or causing lasting harm.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation | Academic reading
syllabusB2TBC · nounSimple meaningA course outline.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
symbolicB2/sɪmbˈɒlɪk/ · adjectiveSimple meaningRepresenting an idea or meaning beyond the object or action itself.Academic pronunciation
techniquesB2/tɛknˈiːks/ · plural nounSimple meaningSpecific ways of doing something that require skill or practice.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
technologyB2TBC · nounSimple meaningTools, machines and methods developed using scientific knowledge.Commonly Misspelled Words | Paraphrasing
terminationC1/tˌɜːmɪnˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe act or point of ending something.Academic / WFD spelling
therebyB2/ðe‍əbˈa‍ɪ/ · adverbSimple meaningAs a result of that action.Cohesion & sequence
ThereforeSimple meaningFor that reason; introducing a logical result.Cohesive Devices
thesisC1TBC · nounSimple meaningA major research paper or central argument.Academic / WFD spelling | Assignments, Assessment & Results
thinkSimple meaningTo have an opinion or use your mind to consider something.Paraphrasing
To begin withSimple meaningUsed to introduce the first point or stage.Cohesive Devices
tourismSimple meaningTravel for pleasure and the services that support it.Paraphrasing
traditionalC1/tɹɐdˈɪʃənə‍l/ · adjectiveSimple meaningFollowing customs or ways of doing things passed down over time.Paraphrasing
transformationC1/tɹansfɔːmˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA large change in the form, appearance or nature of something.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation
transitionB2/tɹansˈɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningA change from one state, activity or period to another.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
transmissionC1/tɹansmˈɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningThe sending or passing of something from one place or person to another.Academic pronunciation
transportB2/tɹˈanspɔːt/ · noun;verbSimple meaningWays of moving people or goods; to move them from place to place.Paraphrasing | Processes
tuitionB2TBC · nounSimple meaningTeaching or education fees.Academic / WFD spelling | University Administration, People & Student Life
tutorialB1TBC · nounSimple meaningA small practical class.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
ultimatelyB2/ˈʌltɪmətli/ · adverbSimple meaningIn the end, or at the most basic level.Cohesion & sequence
undergraduateB2TBC · noun;adjectiveSimple meaningA bachelor-level student or course.Academic / WFD spelling | Courses, Classes & University Study
underlyingB2/ˌʌndəlˈa‍ɪɪŋ/ · adjectiveSimple meaningExisting beneath the surface, or being a basic cause.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading | Academic synthesis
undertakenB2/ˌʌndətˈe‍ɪkən/ · verbSimple meaningStarted or carried out a task or responsibility.Academic / WFD spelling
uniqueB1/juːnˈiːk/ · adjectiveSimple meaningBeing the only one of its kind.Academic reading
universityA1TBC · nounSimple meaningA place for higher education.Commonly Misspelled Words | Paraphrasing
validityB2/valˈɪdɪti/ · nounSimple meaningThe extent to which something is sound, reasonable or measures what it should.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation | Academic reading
variablesB2/vˈe‍əɹɪəbə‍lz/ · plural nounSimple meaningThings that can change or take different values.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic pronunciation | Academic reading
violationB2/va‍ɪ‍əlˈe‍ɪʃən/ · nounSimple meaningAn act that breaks a rule, law, agreement or right.Academic / WFD spelling
widespreadB2/wˈa‍ɪdspɹɛd/ · adjectiveSimple meaningFound or happening in many places or among many people.Academic / WFD spelling | Academic reading
workSimple meaningActivity done to achieve something, especially as a job.Paraphrasing
workersSimple meaningPeople who do a job or particular work.Paraphrasing
young peopleSimple meaningPeople in the earlier stages of life, especially teenagers and young adults.Paraphrasing