← Verbs lessonVerb reference · Irregular forms
100 Common Irregular English Verbs
Irregular verbs do not form every past tense with the usual -ed pattern. Search for a base form, past form or past participle.
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Remember: use the past participle with helping verbs such as has, have, had and forms of be.
Showing 100 of 100 verbs
| Base form | He/she/it | Past | Past participle | -ing form | Useful note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| arise | arises | arose | arisen | arising | — |
| awake | awakes | awoke | awoken | awaking | — |
| be | is | was/were | been | being | Present forms also include am and are. |
| bear | bears | bore | borne/born | bearing | Born is normally used for birth; borne has other meanings. |
| beat | beats | beat | beaten | beating | — |
| become | becomes | became | become | becoming | — |
| begin | begins | began | begun | beginning | — |
| bend | bends | bent | bent | bending | — |
| bet | bets | bet | bet | betting | — |
| bind | binds | bound | bound | binding | — |
| bite | bites | bit | bitten | biting | — |
| bleed | bleeds | bled | bled | bleeding | — |
| blow | blows | blew | blown | blowing | — |
| break | breaks | broke | broken | breaking | — |
| breed | breeds | bred | bred | breeding | — |
| bring | brings | brought | brought | bringing | — |
| broadcast | broadcasts | broadcast | broadcast | broadcasting | — |
| build | builds | built | built | building | — |
| burn | burns | burnt/burned | burnt/burned | burning | Both forms are used; burnt is common in Australian English. |
| burst | bursts | burst | burst | bursting | — |
| buy | buys | bought | bought | buying | — |
| catch | catches | caught | caught | catching | — |
| choose | chooses | chose | chosen | choosing | — |
| come | comes | came | come | coming | — |
| cost | costs | cost | cost | costing | — |
| creep | creeps | crept | crept | creeping | — |
| cut | cuts | cut | cut | cutting | — |
| deal | deals | dealt | dealt | dealing | — |
| dig | digs | dug | dug | digging | — |
| do | does | did | done | doing | — |
| draw | draws | drew | drawn | drawing | — |
| dream | dreams | dreamt/dreamed | dreamt/dreamed | dreaming | Both forms are correct. |
| drink | drinks | drank | drunk | drinking | — |
| drive | drives | drove | driven | driving | — |
| eat | eats | ate | eaten | eating | — |
| fall | falls | fell | fallen | falling | — |
| feed | feeds | fed | fed | feeding | — |
| feel | feels | felt | felt | feeling | — |
| fight | fights | fought | fought | fighting | — |
| find | finds | found | found | finding | — |
| fly | flies | flew | flown | flying | — |
| forget | forgets | forgot | forgotten | forgetting | — |
| forgive | forgives | forgave | forgiven | forgiving | — |
| freeze | freezes | froze | frozen | freezing | — |
| get | gets | got | got/gotten | getting | Got is usual in Australian English; gotten survives in some uses. |
| give | gives | gave | given | giving | — |
| go | goes | went | gone | going | — |
| grow | grows | grew | grown | growing | — |
| hang | hangs | hung | hung | hanging | Use hanged mainly for execution by hanging. |
| have | has | had | had | having | — |
| hear | hears | heard | heard | hearing | — |
| hide | hides | hid | hidden | hiding | — |
| hit | hits | hit | hit | hitting | — |
| hold | holds | held | held | holding | — |
| hurt | hurts | hurt | hurt | hurting | — |
| keep | keeps | kept | kept | keeping | — |
| know | knows | knew | known | knowing | — |
| lay | lays | laid | laid | laying | Lay takes an object: lay the book down. |
| lead | leads | led | led | leading | — |
| leave | leaves | left | left | leaving | — |
| lend | lends | lent | lent | lending | — |
| let | lets | let | let | letting | — |
| lie | lies | lay | lain | lying | Lie means rest horizontally and does not take an object. |
| light | lights | lit/lighted | lit/lighted | lighting | Lit and lighted are both correct in different common uses. |
| lose | loses | lost | lost | losing | — |
| make | makes | made | made | making | — |
| mean | means | meant | meant | meaning | — |
| meet | meets | met | met | meeting | — |
| pay | pays | paid | paid | paying | — |
| put | puts | put | put | putting | — |
| read | reads | read | read | reading | The past forms are pronounced /red/. |
| ride | rides | rode | ridden | riding | — |
| ring | rings | rang | rung | ringing | — |
| rise | rises | rose | risen | rising | — |
| run | runs | ran | run | running | — |
| say | says | said | said | saying | — |
| see | sees | saw | seen | seeing | — |
| seek | seeks | sought | sought | seeking | — |
| sell | sells | sold | sold | selling | — |
| send | sends | sent | sent | sending | — |
| set | sets | set | set | setting | — |
| shake | shakes | shook | shaken | shaking | — |
| shine | shines | shone | shone | shining | — |
| shoot | shoots | shot | shot | shooting | — |
| show | shows | showed | shown | showing | — |
| shut | shuts | shut | shut | shutting | — |
| sing | sings | sang | sung | singing | — |
| sink | sinks | sank | sunk | sinking | — |
| sit | sits | sat | sat | sitting | — |
| sleep | sleeps | slept | slept | sleeping | — |
| speak | speaks | spoke | spoken | speaking | — |
| spend | spends | spent | spent | spending | — |
| stand | stands | stood | stood | standing | — |
| steal | steals | stole | stolen | stealing | — |
| stick | sticks | stuck | stuck | sticking | — |
| swim | swims | swam | swum | swimming | — |
| take | takes | took | taken | taking | — |
| teach | teaches | taught | taught | teaching | — |
| think | thinks | thought | thought | thinking | — |
| write | writes | wrote | written | writing | — |